Masonry Preservation of a Moravian-Built Colonial Farmhouse

Located in the Harrisburg area of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, this limestone farmhouse, constructed circa 1750, represents a finely executed example of early colonial masonry built by skilled Moravian stonemasons more than twenty-five years before the American Revolution. The structure displays distinctive architectural and cultural influences, particularly a Germanic derivation of stonework characterized by descending courses of stone sizes, carefully arranged to create both visual harmony and structural stability.

The façade was designed with refined yet practical detailing. Relieving arches were constructed above the windows and central entranceway to distribute structural loads and prevent cracking, demonstrating advanced masonry knowledge for the period. Each individual stone was further emphasized by an original lime ribbon joint profile, expertly cut into the mortar joints. This technique not only enhanced the craftsmanship of the stonework but also gave the building a formal, stately appearance consistent with the intentions of its original builders.

Construction methods of the eighteenth century are also evidenced by putlog holes left within the masonry. These openings once supported wooden scaffolding used during construction and remained preserved within the walls for centuries. Together, these elements reflect both the technical skill and aesthetic ambition of early Pennsylvania German masonry traditions.

Restoration Measures by Restoration Artisans

After nearly three centuries of exposure and alteration, much of the farmhouse’s original lime mortar had been replaced with modern cement-based repairs. These incompatible materials trapped moisture and obscured historic detailing, leading to deterioration. Movement-related step cracking developed beneath windowsills and above the window arches, while rubble stone areas below the arches had been covered with hard cement mortars that further compromised the masonry’s performance.

A turning point occurred when the current owner removed a modern portico roof structure, revealing surviving sections of the original lime ribbon joint for the first time since the home’s construction. This discovery provided an essential reference for an accurate restoration.

Restoration Artisans undertook a historically sensitive rehabilitation using St. Astier Natural Hydraulic Lime mortars in a natural white color, closely matching original materials. The craftsmen carefully repointed the stonework and recreated the historic ribbon joint profile, restoring the intended architectural expression of the façade.

During the process, displaced stones were reset, and original putlog holes were uncovered—some of which had become nesting spaces for birds over time—offering rare insight into eighteenth-century construction practices. To improve long-term durability while respecting the historic structure, lead-coated copper flashing was installed above the window arches. This addition helps deflect rainwater runoff and reduces the risk of moisture entering the wall cavity, protecting the masonry from future damage.

Summary

The circa 1750 Dauphin County limestone farmhouse stands as a remarkable example of early Moravian craftsmanship, defined by Germanic masonry traditions, carefully proportioned stone courses, and elegant lime ribbon joints that once gave the structure a dignified and formal presence. Over time, incompatible modern repairs obscured and damaged these historic features. Through careful investigation and historically accurate restoration techniques, Restoration Artisans successfully revived the original character of the building while improving its resilience against water intrusion and structural stress. The homeowner recently completed the project by installing a traditional real gas light, adding an authentic finishing touch that enhances the historic atmosphere and complements the beautifully restored façade. Together, these efforts honor the intentions of the original builders and ensure that this 275-year-old heritage home will endure for future generations to study and appreciate.

Highlights of the work completed on this historic structure.